Kusangana nezvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvevatengi zvekumanikidza kwemvura uye kudzvanywa kwemhepo mukugadzira kweflange magetsi ekupisa machubhu,kwakazara optimization inodiwa kubva kune akati wandei mativi senge kusarudzwa kwezvinhu, dhizaini yedhizaini, maitiro ekugadzira, uye mashandiro ekuita. Iyo chaiyo chirongwa ndeichi:
1,Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu: Kuvandudza kumanikidza simba uye chisimbiso nheyo
1. Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvikuru zvepombi
Simba rakakwirira uye zvinhu zvisingadziviriri zvinofarirwa kune yakakwirira-kumanikidza kushanda mamiriro (kumanikidza kwemvura≥10MPa kana kumanikidzwa kwemhepo≥6MPa), yakadai se:
Simbi isina simbi 316L (inodzivirira kune general corrosive media, compression simba≥520MPa);
Incoloy 800 (inopesana nekushisa kwepamusoro, kukwira kwepamusoro uye oxidation, yakakodzera kune yakakwirira tembiricha yemhepo, simba regoho.≥240MPa);
Titanium alloy/Hastelloy alloy (yepamusoro-soro uye yakanyanya-kudzvanya midhiya yakadai semvura yegungwa uye acid-base mhinduro).
Ukobvu hwemadziro hwepombi hunoverengerwa zvinoenderana nezviyero zveGB/T 151 Heat Exchanger kana ASME BPVC VIII-1, kuve nechokwadi chekukora kwemadziro margin≥20% (sekuverenga ukobvu hwemadziro + 0.5mm chengetedzo chinhu kana kumanikidza kwekushanda kuri 15MPa).
2. Flange uye chisimbiso kuenzanisa
Mhando yeFlange: Mumamiriro epamusoro-soro, mutsipa welding flanges (WNRF) kana integral flanges (IF) inoshandiswa, uye nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso inosarudzwa se mortise uye tenon (TG) kana ring joint (RJ) kuderedza dambudziko rekuvhara pamusoro pekuvhara.
Kuisa chisimbiso gasket: Sarudza simbi yakaputirwa gasket (ine yemukati nekunze mhete) (kumanikidza kuramba≤25MPa) kana octagonal simbi mhete gasket (yakanyanya kudzvanywa uye yakanyanya tembiricha, kumanikidza kuramba≥40MPa) zvinoenderana nehunhu hwepakati. Iyo gasket zvinhu inoenderana neyepombi zvinhu (senge 316L gasket ine 316L flange).
2,Structural Design: Kusimbisa Dzvinyiriro uye Kuvimbika
1. Mechanical chimiro optimization
Bend dhizaini: Dzivisa kona yekurudyi kukotama uye shandisa yakakura curvature radius (R≥3D, D ndiyo dhayamita yepombi) kuderedza kushushikana mupfungwa; Pakuisa mapaipi akawanda, anogovaniswa zvakaenzanirana kuti aenzanise simba reradial.
Kusimbisa chimiro: Wedzera mhete dzekutsigira (spacing≤1.5m) kana yakavakirwa-mukati yekumisikidza tsvimbo kune iyo yakareba yakatwasukakupisa chubhu kudzivirira deformation yechubhu muviri pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya; Chikamu chekubatanidza pakati peflange nemuviri wepombi chinotora nzvimbo yakakora yekuchinja (gradient groove welding) kuti iwedzere kuramba kubvaruka kweiyo weld seam.
2. Kuisa chisimbiso nekubatanidza kugadzira
Welding process: Iyo pombi yemuviri uye flange yakanyatso kupindira welded (yakadai seTIG welding + filler wire), uye 100% X-ray yekuongorora (RT) kana kupinda mukati mekuyedza (PT) inoitwa mushure mekushongedza kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti weld seam haina ma pores uye kuputika;
Kubatsira kwekuwedzera: Iyo yekutsinhana kupisa chubhu yakabatana kune chubhu ndiro ichishandisa mbiri mbiri yekuwedzera hydraulic uye yekuisa chisimbiso welding. Kumanikidza kwekuwedzera ndiko≥kaviri kumanikidza kwekushanda kudzivirira kudonha kwepakati kubva pamakomba echubhu.
3,Manufacturing process: kudzora kwakasimba kwekukanganisa uye kuenderana
1. Kudzora kwekugadzirisa machina
Iyo pombi yekucheka inotora laser / CNC yekucheka, ine yekupedzisira face perpendicularity≤0.1mm; flange sealing surface roughness≤Ra1.6μ m, bhaudhi gomba yunifomu kukanganisa kugovera≤0.5mm, kuve nechokwadi chesimba rakafanana panguva yekuiswa.
Magnesium oxide poda kuzadza: kushandisa vibration compaction tekinoroji, kuzadza density≥2.2g/cm³, kudzivirira kupisa kwenzvimbo kana kutadza kwekudzivirira kunokonzerwa nezvikamu zvisina makomba (insulation resistance≥100MΩ/500V).
2. Kushushikana kwekuedza uye kusimbisa
Pre factory test:
Hydrostatic test: The test pressure is 1.5 times the working pressure (yakadai se 10 MPa kushanda kumanikidzika uye 15 MPa test pressure), uye hapana kudonha kwekumanikidzwa mushure mekubata kwemaminitsi makumi matatu;
Pressure test (inoshanda kune gasi media): Kudzvanywa kweyedzo ndeye 1.1 nguva yekumanikidza kwekushanda, yakasanganiswa nehelium mass spectrometry yekuona kuvuza, ine chiyero chekuvuza.≤1 × 10 ⁻⁹mbar· L/s.
Kuparadza kuyedzwa: Sampling inoshandiswa pakuputika kumanikidza kuyedzwa, uye kuputika kunofanirwa kunge kuri≥3 nguva yekumanikidza kwekushanda kuti uone chengetedzo margin.
4,Functional adaptation: kubata nemamiriro ekushanda akaoma
1. Thermal kuwedzera muripo
Kana kureba kwechubhu yekudziya is ≥2m kana kusiyana kwekushisa ndiko≥100℃, iyo waveform yekuwedzera yejoint kana inochinjika yekubatanidza chikamu inofanirwa kuisirwa kutsiva thermal deformation (yekuwedzera huwandu.Δ L=α L Δ T, ukoα ndiyo yezvinyorwa mutsara wekuwedzera coefficient) uye dzivirira flange yekuisa chisimbiso pamusoro kutadza kunokonzerwa nekupisa mutsauko kushushikana.
2. Surface load control
High pressure media (kunyanya magasi) inonzwa nekupisa kwenzvimbo uye inoda kudzikiswa kwemutoro wepamusoro (≤8W/cm²) Nokuwedzera nhamba kana dhayamita yekupisa chubhus, kuparadzira density yesimba, uye kudzivirira kukwira kana kukwira kwezvinhu (senge kuremerwa kwepamusoro≤6W/cm² panguva yekupisa kwemhepo).
3. Media inoenderana dhizaini
Kune yakanyanya-kudzvanywa zvinwiwa zvine zvimedu / tsvina, sefa sikirini (ine chokwadi che≥100 mesh) kana chivharo chegwaro chinofanira kuiswa panzvimbo yekupinda chubhu yekudziya kuderedza kukukurwa; Corrosive media inoda kuwedzera kwepasi passivation/spraying treatment (senge polytetrafluoroethylene coating, tembiricha kuramba.≤260℃).
5,Standard uye customized dhizaini
Ipa zvinyorwa zvezvinhu, welding process qualification (PQR), uye mishumo yekumanikidza bvunzo zvinoenderana nenyika (GB 150 "Pressure Vessels", NB/T 47036 "Electric Heating Elements") kana zviyero zvepasi rose (ASME BPVC, PED 2014/68/EU).
Kuti tisangane nezvinodiwa nevatengi (senge yakakwira-kudzvanywa yekudziya yeAPI 6A tsime remvura uye yakadzika-gungwa kumanikidza kudziyisa kudziyisa), isu tinoshanda pamwe nevatengi kutevedzera mamiriro ekushanda (akadai seyekugumisira chinhu chekuongorora kwekushushikana kwekugovera uye CFD kuyerera kwemunda optimization) uye kugadzirisa flange zvirevo (senge akakosha akarukwa flanges uye sulfur inodzivirira zvinhu).
pfupikisa
Kuburikidza neiyo yakazara process optimization ye "material simba garandi→structural load resistance design→kugadzira kururamisa kutonga→kuyedzwa uye kuoneswa kwakavharwa-loop", theflange yemagetsi kupisa chubhu inogona kuwana kushanda kwakavimbika pasi pemamiriro emagetsi. Mhedzisiro ndeyekuenzanisa simba rekutakura simba, kuisa chisimbiso, uye kugadzikana kwenguva refu, uchifunga nezve hunhu hwemutengi wepakati (tembiricha, corrosiveness, chiyero chekuyerera) chedhizaini yakanangana nedhizaini, inozosangana nekuchengetedza margin chinodiwa chekudzvinyirirwa kwemvura / mhepo.≥1.5 nguva iyo dhizaini paramita.
Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezvechigadzirwa chedu, ndapotataura nesu!
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-09-2025
